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A case study of ships forming and not forming tracks in moderately polluted clouds OMA
Noone, K.J.; Öström, E.; Ferek, R.J.; Garrett, T.; Hobbs, P.V.; Johnson, D.W.; Taylor, J.P.; Russell, L.M.; Flagan, R.C.; Seinfeld, J.H.; O'Dowd, C.D.; Smith, M.H.; Durkee, P.A.; Nielsen, K.; Hudson, J.G.; Pockalny, R.A.; De Bock, L.; Van Grieken, R.E.; Gasparovic, R.F.; Brooks, I..
The effects of anthropogenic particulate emissions from ships on the radiative, microphysical, and chemical properties of m(oderately polluted marine stratiform clouds are examined. A case study of two ships in the same air mass is presented where one of the vessels caused a discernible ship track while the other did not. <i>In situ</i> measurements of cloud droplet size distributions, liquid water content, and cloud radiative properties, as well as aerosol size distributions (outside cloud, interstitial, and cloud droplet residual particles) and aerosol chemistry, are presented. These are related to measurements of cloud radiative properties. The differences between the aerosol in the two ship plumes are discussed; these indicate that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aerosols; Air pollution; Albedo; Anthropogenic factors; Atmospheric boundary layer; Atmospheric particulates; Chemical plumes; Cloud physics; Clouds; Droplets; Fuels; Ocean-atmosphere system; Pollution effects; Radiative transfer; Ships; Size distribution.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=8840
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A Classification of Collaborative Management Methods Ecology and Society
Blumenthal, Dana M; University of Minnesota; dblumenthal@npa.ars.usda.gov; Jannink, Jean-Luc; University of Minnesota; jjannink@iastate.edu.
Collaboration among multiple stakeholders can be crucial to the success of natural resource management. In recent years, a wide variety of methods have been developed to facilitate such collaboration. Because these methods are relatively new and come from different disciplines, little attention has been paid to drawing comparisons among them. Thus, it is very difficult for potential users to sort through the increasingly large literature regarding such methods. We suggest the use of a consistent framework for comparing collaborative management methods, and develop such a framework based on five criteria: participation, institutional analysis, simplification of the natural resource, spatial scale, and stages in the process of natural resource management. We...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive management; Agriculture; Agroecosystem analysis; Collaboration; Ecosystem management; Natural resource management; Participatory rural appraisal; Rapid rural appraisal; Soft systems analysis.
Ano: 2000
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A cobertura vegetal de inverno e a adubação orgânica e, ou, mineral influenciando a sucessão feijão/milho Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo
Andreola,F.; Costa,L. M.; Olszevski,N.; Jucksch,I..
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da cobertura vegetal de inverno, constituída de uma associação de aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) com nabo forrageiro (Raphanus sativus L.), da adubação orgânica com esterco de aves e da adubação mineral sobre o rendimento de grãos da sucessão feijão/milho numa Terra Roxa Estruturada do estado de Santa Catarina. A cobertura do solo influenciou o rendimento de grãos de feijão, mas não o de milho. Isto pode ser atribuído à produção de uma safra de feijão antes do estabelecimento da cultura do milho e ao fato de a associação de aveia preta com nabo forrageiro apresentar uma relação C/N mais estreita que a da aveia. Independentemente do uso da cobertura vegetal, a prática da adubação promoveu...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cobertura do solo; Culturas; Adubação.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832000000400018
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A Cointegration Analysis of Wool Prices AgEcon
Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie).
Based on cointegration analysis and monthly data from 1976.8 to 1999.10, a long-run equilibrium relationship was found to exist between prices for wools of 19 to 23 microns, despite the wool Reserve Price Scheme operated until February 1991. Furthermore, the prices for 19, 20 and 21 micron wools were found to be weakly exogenous. The latter result suggested that, although co-integrated, prices for finer wools tended to be less volatile than coarser wools. The implications are that wool producers would enjoy more stable prices by producing finer wools and that cross-hedging is possible given co-movements of prices.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Cointegration; Error correction model; Reserve price scheme; Wool marketing.; Demand and Price Analysis; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12929
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A common protocol to assemble a coherent database from distributed heterogeneous data sets: The MEDATLAS database experience ArchiMer
Fichaut, Michele; Balopoulos, Efstathios; Dooley, Harry; Garcia-fernandez, Maria; Iona, Athanasia; Jourdan, Didier; Baudet, Laurent; Maillard, Catherine.
The MEDATLAS hydrological data base, has been created by a consortium of several data centers, including HNODC (Greece), IEO (Spain), EPSHOM/CMO (French navy), IFREMERJSISMER the coordinating center (France) and ICES (Denmark) as the supervisor of the quality control procedure, in the frame of the MEDATLAS project. This project is a MAST supporting initiative for ocean data and information management. Its objectives were to assemble a comprehensive data base of temperature and salinity profiles collected in the Mediterranean sea by t he scientific laboratories and the navies, to check them for quality and to revise the climatological statistics by using this updated date set. An important part of the work has been devoted to define a common protocol to...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2000 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00251/36211/34756.pdf
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A Comparative Analysis of Agricultural Transportation and Logistics Systems in the United States and Argentina AgEcon
Goldsby, Thomas J..
Interest is high in Argentina as an emerging economic power in the Americas. This paper analyzes issues pertinent to the relative advantages and disadvantages of transportation and logistics systems between the United States and Argentina in the context of distribution to significant global markets. Designed as a tool for agribusiness students and prospective investment and trade partners, it provides a side-by-side analysis of U.S. and Argentine rail, motor, and water transportation systems. Also from a comparative perspective, it examines grain storage capacities and systems.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Global markets; Infrastructure; Logistics systems; Transportation systems; Privatization; Public Economics.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18694
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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RISK PREFERENCE ELICITATION PROCEDURES USING MAIL SURVEY RESULTS AgEcon
Fausti, Scott W.; Gillespie, Jeffrey M..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36469
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A Comparative Marketing Analysis of Major Agricultural Products in the United States and Argentina AgEcon
Lence, Sergio H..
Interest is high in Argentina as an emerging economic power in the Americas. This paper analyzes issues pertinent to the relative advantages and disadvantages between the United States and Argentina for producing, transporting, processing, and marketing major agricultural commodities in the context of distribution to significant global markets. Designed as a tool for agribusiness students and prospective investment and trade partners, it provides a side-by-side analysis of major U.S. and Argentine agricultural commodities. All facts and figures are in U.S. currency and common U.S. (avoirdupois) weights and measures. Also from a comparative perspective, it defines the differences in technologies between the countries and examines in detail the marketing...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agricultural commodities; Agricultural markets; Argentina versus United States; Commercialization; Comparative economic analysis; Grains; Livestock; Marketing channels; Production technology; Marketing.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18684
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A comparative study of aging of the elastic fiber system of the diaphragm and the rectus abdominis muscles in rats BJMBR
Rodrigues,C.J.; Rodrigues Junior,A.J..
In the present study the age-related changes of the striated muscle elastic fiber system were investigated in the diaphragm and rectus abdominis muscles of 1-, 4-, 8- and 18-month-old rats. The activation patterns of these muscles differ in that the diaphragm is regularly mobilized tens of times every minute during the entire life of the animal whereas the rectus abdominis, although mobilized in respiration, is much less and more irregularly activated. The elastic fibers were stained by the Verhoeff technique for mature elastic fibers. Weigert stain was used to stain mature and elaunin elastic fibers, and Weigert-oxone to stain mature, elaunin and oxytalan elastic fibers. The density of mature and elaunin elastic fibers showed a progressive increase with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Aging; Elastin; Extracellular matrix; Diaphragm; Rectus abdominis.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000001200008
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A comparative study of axonal sprouting from the vagus nerve in autologous nerve graft J. Venom. Anim. Toxins
REIS,F. A..
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79302000000100009
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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LAND TENURE, PROPERTY BOUNDARIES, AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION: EXAMPLES FROM BOLIVIA AND NORWAY AgEcon
Goodale, Mark R.G.; Sky, Per Kare.
This paper compares and contrasts patterns of land tenure, property boundaries, and dispute resolution regarding property using examples from two diverse social and economic regions: Bolivia and Norway. The goal of the paper is essentially a comparative one. By placing the examples of Bolivia and Norway side by side, the authors hope to shed light on common strategies while recognizing the diversity to be found in the ways that people relate to land. It is hoped that readers will be able to compare the material here with examples from other regions. By using data based on field research and related methods from two regions starkly distinguished from each other by language, socioeconomic levels, political histories, and extent of integration into world...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Land tenure -- Bolivia; Land tenure -- Norway; Dispute resolution -- Bolivia; Dispute resolution -- Norway; Land conflicts -- Bolivia; Land conflicts -- Norway; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12769
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A Comparison of Agricultural Sector Models: CRAM, DRAM, SASM and the KVL Model AgEcon
Wiborg, Torben.
Four different programming models dealing with the agricultural sectors in Canada, The Netherlands, Sweden and Denmark are analysed. The purpose is to construct a knowledge base for the development of a new sector model for Danish agriculture. This analysis has created a valuable set of resources for use in the development of the model.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24211
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A COMPARISON OF ANNUAL, QUARTERLY AND MONTHLY TURKEY EXPORT MODELS AgEcon
Colyer, Dale.
Structural time series models of turkey exports were estimated using monthly, quarterly and annual data. The trend is statistically significant in all three models, seasonals are significant in the quarterly and monthly models. Exchange rates, lagged prices, and lagged production were explanatory factors in the monthly model; exchange rates and prices in the quarterly model; but only the exchange rates in the annual model.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Turkey exports; International trade; Structural time series; International Development.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19106
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A COMPARISON OF CRITERIA FOR EVALUATING RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AgEcon
Baker, Timothy G.; Gloy, Brent A..
Several criteria that produce rankings of risk management alternatives are evaluated. The criteria considered are Value at Risk, the Sharpe ratio, the necessary condition for first degree stochastic dominance with a risk free asset, and the necessary condition for second degree stochastic dominance with a risk free asset. The effectiveness of the criteria increases as decision-makers are assumed to be more risk averse and have greater access to financial leverage.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21726
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A comparison of economic and cultural incentives in the marketing of livestock in some districts of the northern communal areas of Namibia AgEcon
Duvel, G.H.; Stephanus, A.L..
In an endeavour to improve the livestock production and particularly the marketing of livestock in the Northern Communal Areas of Namibia, this study analyses the perception of livestock farmers in this regard. The findings show that the decision making is significantly influenced by numerous socio-cultural considerations, which in many cases even overshadow the economic ones. This is manifested in the low off-take percentage, the lacking interest in commercial production, and the fact that the sale price offered to the farmer is not the most important consideration when deciding to whom to sell.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54225
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A comparison of methods employed to evaluate antioxidant capabilities Biol. Res.
PEREZ,DRUSO D; LEIGHTON,FEDERICO; ASPEE,ALEXIS; ALIAGA,CAROLINA; LISSI,EDUARDO.
Thrce ditferent methodologies frequently employed to evaluate the indexes that report the antioxidant capabilities of pure compounds and/or complex mixtures of antioxidants are applied to a series of mono- and polyphenols, as well as to two wine (red and white) samples. These methodologies are based on the bleaching of a stable radical, the effect of the additive upon luminol chemiluminescence induced by peroxyl radicals, and the effect of the additive upon the bleaching of the fluorescence from a dye molecule. Widely ditferent responses are obtained from the different methodologies. These differences are interpreted in terms of the different factors (stoichiametric factors and/or reactivities) that determines the indexes evaluated by these different...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: ABTS radical bleaching; Antioxidants; C-phycocyanin bleaching; Total antioxidant reactivity; Total reactive antioxidant potential.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602000000200006
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A COMPARISON OF RESAMPLING TECHNIQUES WHEN PARAMETERS ARE ON A BOUNDARY: THE BOOTSTRAP, SUBSAMPLE BOOTSTRAP, AND SUBSAMPLE JACKKNIFE AgEcon
Hilmer, Christiana E.; Holt, Matthew T..
This paper compares the finite sample performance of subsample bootstrap and subsample jackknife techniques to the traditional bootstrap method when parameters are constrained to be on some boundary. To assess how these three methods perform in an empirical application, a negative semi-definite translog cost function is estimated using U.S. manufacturing data.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21810
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A comparison of the hygienic response of Africanized and European (Apis mellifera carnica) honey bees to Varroa-infested brood in tropical Brazil Genet. Mol. Biol.
Aumeier,Pia; Rosenkranz,Peter; Gonçalves,Lionel Segui.
In order to examine the significance of hygienic behavior for the tolerance to varroosis of Africanized honey bees, they were compared with non-tolerant Carniolans in tropical Brazil. Capped worker brood cells were artificially infested with living Varroa mites, and inspected some days later. Uncapping, disappearance of the introduced mite and removal of the pupa were recorded in a total of manipulated 3,096 cells during three summer seasons. The hygienic response varied between Africanized and Carniolan colonies, but this difference was significant only in one year, during which Africanized honey bees removed a significantly greater proportion of Varroa mites than European honey bees. A high proportion of the mites disappeared from artificially infested...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Ano: 2000 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572000000400013
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A COMPARISON OF VARIOUS FRONTIER ESTIMATION METHODS UNDER DIFFERING DATA GENERATION ASSUMPTIONS AgEcon
Settlage, Daniel M.; Dixon, Bruce L.; Thomsen, Michael R..
Monte Carlo methods examine the accuracy of several production frontier approximating forms, estimators and methods to rank firms by level of predicted technical efficiency. Results show stochastic frontier methods superior to data envelopment analysis. The Cobb-Douglas approximating form is superior to the translog or generalized Leontief.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15773
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A COMPETITIVIDADE, SEGUNDO A ANÁLISE DE UM GRANDE CLUSTER DE PRODUÇÃO AGROINDUSTRIAL AgEcon
Sugano, Joel Yutaka; Santos, Antonio Carlos dos.
Given that the fast transformations occurred in national and international scenery point out to a necessity of gain of efficiency to increase in competitiveness to the firms, the environment which into they are and into they develop, assume a vital importance as been the supporter foundation of this development. For this environment can be understood as the process of space concentration of many correlative segments of a production chain, also called as clusterization process, which this special conformation gives to the firms special conditions to develops the superior competitive advantages than the others firms isolated. In this sense, this paper aim to arise how occurs the process of conformation of a big cluster, culminating in satisfaction of ten...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cluster; Competitiveness; Agribusiness Chain..
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43356
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